Are dads doing enough? What the data tells us about the state of modern fatherhood.

As Father’s Day approaches, American dads insist they’re doing a lot more parenting than the men who raised them, according to a new Yahoo News/YouGov poll. Some dads even claim they’re doing more than the women they’re parenting with.

Yet the survey of 1,560 U.S. adults also taps into the complexities and contradictions of contemporary fatherhood, revealing that even the most egalitarian dads might see themselves in ways that don’t quite match up with how others see them. Their partners included.

I know a little something about this. One of my duties as national correspondent for Yahoo News is to collaborate on our monthly polls with YouGov, a leading public-opinion firm. I write the questions, then analyze and report on the results.

At the same time, my wife and I are trying our best to help our two kids — a 9-year-old girl and an 8-year-old boy — grow up to be good people.

Like many other millennial parents — I just turned 43 — we aspire to contribute equally to that effort. And so I figured Father’s Day would be as good a time as any to ask my fellow dads some of the questions I’m always asking myself.

How much are we really doing these days? And is it enough?

Three-quarters of dads say they shoulder at least half their family’s ‘mental load’

Gender roles are a perennial topic in the parenting world, and the general consensus is that even though more opposite-sex couples than ever believe in 50/50 parenting — and even though dads have become more involved over the years — moms still do most of the domestic labor.

According to a 2023 study by the Pew Research Center, for example, wives in so-called egalitarian marriages — that is, couples where each partner earns about the same amount of money — still spend more than twice as much time on housework than their husbands, and almost two hours more per week on caregiving, including tending to children.

“Egalitarian” husbands, meanwhile, spend three-and-a-half more hours per week on “leisure activities” than their wives.

Yet there may be more to the data than meets the eye, at least based on the results of the new Yahoo News/YouGov poll.

For one thing, nearly two-thirds of American dads (63%) now say they spend more time with their kids than their fathers spent with them — and a full 37% describe that generational difference as “significant.” Dads feel like they’re putting in the hours and making progress.

What’s more surprising, however, is that a third of fathers (34%) also say they carry more than half of their family’s “mental load,” while another four in 10 (39%) say they shoulder about half. Combined, that’s roughly three-quarters of dads who believe the balance is either 50/50 or skewed in their direction.

In contrast, just 28% of dads admit to bearing less than half (14%) or none (4%) of their family’s mental load.

It’s fair to say those numbers contradict what researchers have found — and what most moms would tell us if we asked them the same questions about the fathers in their lives. When I shared the poll with my wife and asked how she would answer for me, we agreed on everything — except mental load.

And when I told her how many dads seem to believe they shoulder at least half the mental load, she scoffed.

Who does what at home

My sense is that this disparity reveals a lot about the state of dads today. For the record, I don’t really think I take on more of the mental load than my wife — not as the term is typically defined. But I also think the tasks we typically define as “mental load” fail to fully capture what dads tend to contribute.

Here’s how the poll put it: “Mental load refers to the cognitive and emotional effort involved in managing and coordinating household tasks, responsibilities and relationships. As a father, how much of your family’s mental load do you believe you carry?”

Again, nearly three out of four dads say they do half or more of this invisible labor — these hidden forms of care. Yet when asked which specific parenting responsibilities they “regularly take on,” relatively few fathers with children aged 18 or younger pick things like “make the kids’ doctor appointments” (36%), “sign up the kids for camps/school activities/lessons” (26%), “schedule playdates with the kids’ friends” (18%), “volunteer for school activities” (15%) or “book babysitters/child care” (10%) — i.e., the classic mental load stuff.

Instead, these dads are much more inclined to say they “play with the kids” (72%), “help with homework” (54%), “take the kids on outings” (52%), “put the kids to bed” (44%) and “make dinner” (42%).

So it’s not like dads are deluded. When asked point-blank about their role — Who are your kids closer to? Who spends more time parenting? Who would your kids’ school call first? — a majority of fathers answer either “me” or “it’s about equal.” But an even larger majority answer either “it’s about equal” or “their mother.”

In other words, dads understand that the parenting scales still aren’t perfectly balanced.

Dads and moms have different ideas of what ‘mental load’ means

Why, then, do so many dads seem to think that we’re carrying more of the mental load than we get credit for? My guess is that we consider that category to be a little more capacious than our partners do.

For the initial draft of the Yahoo News/YouGov Father Day’s poll, my editors — both moms — floated a fairly narrow set of options for the “parenting responsibilities” question: booking babysitters, volunteering at school, making doctor appointments and so on.

I responded with some additional choices that “might capture more of what most dads do”: playing with the kids, going on outings, cleaning up after dinner, etc.

I also told my editors that “in general, I think mental load conversations miss things like this (even if they are more about household management than parenting, per se): take care of the house, take care of the yard, take care of the car, take care of the garbage, take care of the finances.

We didn’t end up asking dads about those duties. But looking back, I can’t help but wonder if they would have polled even higher than, say, playing with the kids — and if they were the kinds of responsibilities our dad respondents had in mind when assessing their own share of the mental load.

For me, I think the answer is yes.

Are dads doing enough?

In 2010, I wrote an essay for Newsweek explaining why marriage mattered so much to me; it was a direct rebuttal to a piece by two of my female colleagues about why the institution is “quite simply, no longer necessary.”

I agreed with my coworkers that all of marriage’s “antiquated ancillary benefits — its grubby socioeconomic justifications” — no longer really applied. But that, I argued, was “the point.”

“Dustin and I are not ‘getting anything’ out of this deal,” I explained. “Or at least we’re not getting what previous generations of men and women were conditioned to expect. I’m not getting a cooking, cleaning, child-rearing machine. She’s not getting a bringer-home of the bacon. I clean. Both of us cook. Sometimes, Dustin earns more money than I do. Sometimes she doesn’t. We both go to work every day. We both have careers. And when we have children, we’ll both take turns staying home to raise them.

“In other words,” I continued, “our roles within the relationship are not defined by gender. They’re defined by who we are as people. … In a world where the practical reasons for marriage no longer apply, the only reason left is love.”

Fifteen years and two kids later, nearly every word of that essay still rings true to me. I do all of the laundry — and almost all of the cleaning. She packs lunches; I make dinner. She works longer hours. I drop off the kids at school in the morning, then pick them up in the afternoon. I coach their soccer teams. She plays with them more. We both read books at bedtime.

But if I’m being honest with myself, our “roles within the relationship” are still somewhat “defined by gender.”

As my wife was quick to point out when I shared the mental load results with her, she’s the one who makes the doctor appointments, schedules the playdates, books the babysitters and signs up for summer camps.

“OK,” I said. “But what about all the ‘invisible labor’ I do?” I mentioned the finances, the house, the yard, the car, the garbage.

“That doesn’t have anything to do with parenting,” she responded.

“It’s household management,” I responded. “Someone has to do it.”

“But someone would have to do it even if we didn’t have kids,” she said.

I think we both have a point here. I feel like I’m doing about half of the hands-on parenting, plus a bunch of hidden work that keeps our lives running smoothly. She feels like she’s doing about half of the hands-on parenting, plus a bunch of hidden work that keeps our kids’ lives running smoothly.

We’ve gravitated toward these roles — mine indirectly related to parenting, hers directly — because of gender. Or, more specifically, because of gender expectations.

The truth is, I don’t feel judged for not volunteering at school, or not packing a particularly healthy lunch, or not hosting a playdate. My wife does. She even judges herself. As a dad, I tend to feel OK about how much I do. As a mom, she tends to feel guilty for not doing more.

We’ve inherited and internalized different standards of what it means to be a parent — and hers are higher. That’s hard to shake. Egalitarian dads might think they’re shouldering half of the mental load, or more. But as hard as we’re lifting, most of us still don’t know what that feels like.

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The Yahoo News survey was conducted by YouGov using a nationally representative sample of 1,560 U.S. adults interviewed online from May 22-27, 2025. The sample was weighted according to gender, age, race, education, 2024 election turnout and presidential vote, party identification and current voter registration status. Demographic weighting targets come from the 2019 American Community Survey. Party identification is weighted to the estimated distribution at the time of the election (31% Democratic, 32% Republican). Respondents were selected from YouGov’s opt-in panel to be representative of all U.S. adults. The margin of error is approximately 2.9%.